October 5, 2020

cautious language in academic writing research

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Let me give you an example of language which is NOT tentative: The Queen of England is very popular and is loved and respected by her subjects. X��t$���U�+ht����ю�UƘz<4d1&���������:7���*Ƒ��$,bw�ݓ���8jL� 2d}��ā8*�n����B&�!�s6��vdAZ�d�ػ̈́���j�%��v}h����k��٠.�*Y��3Xr[�r �=1����\��$�V����ē� ��ӻ��t!��(��%q���3j=�h��1��z���3���%o�UG �ik8Ew���Fh��aANhr�E���z�{4����%�x%�PYP|�؛��i��7�� ��$��h��OH�C��9�|��E��Xu��E�$%�y;Xt��X�$��D��H���dC4�*�E�!X9l[zq������B ��ٚ�P[æ�����Mlj��Ƹ�}ݼtxB��PW��� �h�ؐ�C�35��v~,����݇�'��ݩ0��'$`����ӱ1mtJr�j� X��G��""ԏ���$"T�&������6�ĆA>2���+�-;V�_�餌 a�V��6��D%�Ĉ��R!f�,t��0h �j�M�"G���>뎁-K2�a#U�:V�^��nL�"�9Ľ��Z��*���R[�B�q����2�N��rLJH�M%+������ �z1r0R��q�V�"7�e���\��8lH�T�6���0H���Q�&�7���T����Щ

All university students are expected to research and draw on appropriate sources, effectively integrate the sources into their own writing, and correctly reference those sources. An important feature of academic writing is the concept of cautious language, often called “hedging” or “vague language“. An objective tone can be achieved through the use of impersonal language. %����

There are also 10x practice transformation exercises from informal to formal.

Hedging in academic writing.

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Academic style: 20 key features to writing [updated 2020] This lesson brainstorms academic style / formality in writing. 1 0 obj SA�~3W[;s�Z�`��v�9�L��K� �+u��E��]�XH�X����ZN�/B�R����N��RK�T�n��P�~\�l n��kCl�[6��w�F�l�i�'w�Ӌ�m�ٓ�*G��B9bC�-`�����

A�ի�:J:�i�!�t��#�Y�T�ϵ!6��u�@D�@�D��v The following is a short extract from an authentic academic text, with the hedging in blue (t… 4 0 obj Academic writing may often be cast in cautious language, particularly if the paper is presenting something based more on the author?s expert opinion, rather than definable fact-based research.

x=���{%�d�v�&�[v���%R��m��[��p�%NŇ\j�t��'=����ܜ��w%ڲ���簂�6 It’s accepted practice for hedging to be used extensively in good academic writing. This means that there are many instances where the epistemological strength (strength of knowledge) of a statement or claim is … !Z�;�q�}vh .w�H���X��yi��sha�9��m�:�

Most theories are open to some modification. �ߙ�41�hWv^OxΠ���Я_������Գ �~�:v�.7(4���x�������c6�F?C���j� The very definition of jargon is language specific to a particular sub-group of people.Therefore, in modern university life, jargon represents the specific language and meaning assigned to words and phrases specific to a discipline or area of study. endobj For example, in an empirical thesis: you will use critical writing in the literature review to show where there is a gap or opportunity in the existing research �ұ�p�O���[H���߳�%�-T����R��R+.,JX�j���`0�s��K�7�\c�Ԗ��⌎�� 51��5k�#*y���-,� #"vR�X��uݼHP{�F������˵�ZN��ҁSl:���A�CV=��Nfy��u�>�v������c/�$�xLX�RGм��� �Z�{9gP�as�����B)�b3hM��iAcd_�����/���(��&�`�*\ ix��

-�Y�ā���/�����2��0r.�f[�D�X�V9S3�[P��ɹ?rV���|ׂ�Qb��;h�MfG Tentative means cautious, or careful. �b{�6%�%,�z�q@�r��,2 gC_�"���!������9��#��!G�_�/C�[��;��������iǰ��Y�h�x7ω�;G1�8cN4�w��lW$04FI�#a�5������.�vϭ�,t툗 �n�5�85�� ��T�C����>�Īy�b8Y�_@ʺ-�4����v=,����

It is especially common in the sciences, for example when giving a hypothesis or presenting results, though it is also used in other disciplines to avoid presenting conclusions or ideas as facts, and to distance the writer from the claims being made. In many academic texts you will need to use more than one type.

Features of academic writing. <> �y��>��m����� 杚��s�V��$a᥁Ml"��%�f��)�×��:�A��w\ݼ��nq��,T��F�u4#��=�F7[��G-�$�|��VqX�tH�t^P���yU(�^�X�jiS"� ���ľ9�������,MĠ�g#?Z%���J�/[� hQ ��g@��8-����

Understanding Academic Writing and Its Jargon. Tentative language is a very important feature of academic writing which overseas students often find difficult.

It is often believed that academic writing, particularly scientific writing, is factual, simply to convey facts and information. Therefore you need to use cautious language to avoid the possibility of people saying that you are wrong. �ĬII,2B��Po�����T�D/�ߝp���͎��|z��qd���~�,��e�P޲�4�(K�!�^Y�]�&�&��

Academic writing is generally quite formal, objective (impersonal) and technical.It is formal by avoiding casual or conversational language, such as contractions or informal vocabulary. The reason for this is because academic writing usually reports on research, and in your research area there may be information that you have not found, exceptions to the rules that you find, and the situation may change over time. Using hedge words and phrases in academic writing allows you to be academically cautious, to acknowledge the degrees of uncertainty in your statements and claims, rather than claiming something is an absolute truth or fact. 3 0 obj Cautious language In the academic world knowledge is socially constructed, that is to say that for new ideas or knowledge to be widely accepted, substantial evidence has to be provided and where possible, findings for research need to be validated with further research conducted in different contexts.

)G���-��v'MsJ�zw�Wv����}^wV�gMXW�dc� endobj Teacher conducts feedback by using visual highlighting & explaining the concepts. ;�n����۳�{y��Ѹ{Y�-����Ǐ������{���}A3���o?����q�ζ6b��ן힀E=�����������ź�`�X�/�`�Ε�Ŋ�8O�qp�O���˵_�����s��%���1�|�Ez;$�{{���wٽ9& 8�dK��~pv�n߾����(��f_.����%�s�w��P0q�Q|�|�y�‡�K�~0�.�L��&|�/87�,��>̼yH�E����p��;�1�:�8�b�X��K..����}sUv���ڑ���|Ç��Ͼ�|7v'/��@�� �LG�Y|Ĉ���ֺ؊1ɼ��t�����Ҍt�ŋ�_���������]����׷����������˽q�_ ����e��c���k���=.��7K�VZ�O����ۮ����#�+ui���]����7 ����x��G ��o���XG���� �f�7w�76�f ��哕;�;��W ֌n�����V�F�6cHW9�ڌ%�����`�Ƣ\�KC����z�����4����v�1I��ʜ?A�#I۲���31 . It is impersonal and objective by avoiding direct reference to people or feelings, and instead emphasising objects, facts and … <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.2 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Academic Writing Style In the same way that recipes or letters use a particular style and form of language, academic assignments usually follow a particular style. �"�� University assignments are a big challenge, but we can guide you. <> %PDF-1.5

It includes a Power Point.

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